(For more resources related to this topic, see here.)
The prerequisites for Zimbra
Let us dive into the prerequisites for Zimbra:
- Zimbra supports only 64-bit LTS versions of Ubuntu, release 10.04 and above. If you would like to use a 32-bit version, you should use Ubuntu 8.04.x LTS with Zimbra 7.2.3.
- Having a clean and freshly installed system is preferred for Zimbra; it requires a dedicated system and there is no need to install components such as Apache and MySQL since the Zimbra server contains all the components it needs. Note that installing Zimbra with another service (such as a web server) on the same server can cause operational issues.
- The dependencies (libperl5.14, libgmp3c2, build-essential, sqlite3, sysstat, and ntp) should be installed beforehand.
- Configure a fixed IP address on the server.
- Have a domain name and a well-configured DNS (A and MX entries) that points to the server.
- The system clocks should be synced on all servers.
- Configure the file /etc/resolv.conf on all servers to point at the server on which we installed the bind (it can be installed on any Zimbra server or on a separate server). We will explain this point in detail later.
Preparing the environment
Before starting the Zimbra installation process, we should prepare the environment. In the first part of this section, we will see the different possible configurations and then, in the second part, we will present the needed assumptions to apply the chosen configuration.
Multiserver configuration examples
One of the greatest advantages of Zimbra is its scalability; we can deploy it for a small business with few mail accounts as well as for a huge organization with thousands of mail accounts.
There are many possible configuration options; the following are the most used out of those:
- Small configuration: All Zimbra components are installed on only one server.
- Medium configuration: Here, LDAP and message store are installed on one server and Zimbra MTA on a separate server. Note here that we can use more Zimbra MTA servers so we can scale easier for large incoming or outgoing e-mail volume.
- Large configuration: In this case, LDAP will be installed on a dedicated server and we will have multiple mailbox and MTA servers, so we can scale easier for a large number of users.
- Very large configuration: The difference between this configuration and large one is the existence of an additional LDAP server, so we will have a Master LDAP and its replica.
We choose the medium configuration; so, we will install LDAP and mailbox in one server and MTA on the other server.
Install different servers in the following order (for medium configuration, 1 and 2 are combined in only one step):
1. First of all, install and configure the LDAP server.
2. Then, install and configure Zimbra mailbox servers.
3. Finally, install Zimbra MTA servers and finish the whole installation configuration.
New installations of Zimbra limit spam/ham training to the first installed MTA. If you uninstall or move this MTA, you should enable spam/ham training on another MTA as one host should have this enabled to run zmtrainsa –cleanup. To do this, execute the following command:
zmlocalconfig -e zmtrainsa_cleanup_host=TRUE
Assumptions
In this article, we will use some specific information as input in the Zimbra installation process, which, in most cases, will be different for each user. Therefore, we will note some of the most redundant ones in this section. Remember that you should specify your own values rather than using the arbitrary values that I have provided. The following is the list of assumptions used :
- OS version: ubuntu-12.04.2-server-amd64
- Zimbra version: zcs-8.0.3_GA_5664.UBUNTU12_64.20130305090204
- MTA server name: mta
- MTA hostname: mta.zimbra-essentials.com
- Internet domain: zimbra-essentials.com
- MTA server IP address: 172.16.126.141
- MTA server IP subnet mask: 255.255.255.0
- MTA server IP gateway: 172.16.126.1
- Internal DNS server: 172.16.126.11
- External DNS server: 8.8.8.8
- MTA admin ID: abdelmonam
- MTA admin Password: Z!mbra@dm1n
- Zimbra admin Password: zimbrabook
- MTA server name: ldap
- MTA hostname: ldap.zimbra-essentials.com
- LDAP server IP address: 172.16.126.140
- LDAP server IP subnet mask: 255.255.255.0
- LDAP server IP gateway: 172.16.126.1
- Internal DNS server: 172.16.126.11
- External DNS server: 8.8.8.8
- LDAP admin ID: abdelmonam
- LDAP admin password: Z!mbra@dm1n
To be able to follow the steps described in the next sections, especially each time we need to perform a configuration, the reader should know how to harness the vi editor. If not, you should develop your skill set for using the vi editor or use another editor instead.
You can find good basic training for the vi editor at http://www.cs.colostate.edu/helpdocs/vi.html
System requirements
For the various system requirements, please refer to the following link:
If you are using another version of Zimbra, please check the correct requirements on the Zimbra website.
Ubuntu server installation
- First of all, choose the appropriate language.
- Choose Install Ubuntu Server and then press Enter.
- When the installation prompts you to provide a hostname, configure only a one-word hostname; in the Assumptions section, we’ve chosen ldap for the LDAP and mailstore server and mta for the MTA server—don’t give the fully qualified domain name (for example, mta.zimbra-essentials.com). On the next screen that calls for the domain name, assign it zimbra-essentials.com (without the hostname).
- The hard disk setup is simple if you are using a single drive; however, in the case of a server, it’s not the best way to do things. There are a lot of options for partitioning your drives. In our case, we just make a little partition (2x RAM) for swapping, and what remains will be used for the whole system. Others can recommend separate partitions for mailstore, system, and so on. Feel free to use the recommendation you want depending on your IT architecture; use your own judgment here or ask your IT manager.
- After finishing the partitioning task, you will be asked to enter the username and password; you can choose what you want except admin and zimbra.
- When asked if you want to encrypt the home directory, select No and then press Enter.
- Press Enter to accept an empty entry for the HTTP proxy.
- Choose Install security updates automatically and then press Enter.
- On the Software Selection screen, you must select the DNS Server and the OpenSSH Server choices for installation; no other options. This will authorize remote administration (SSH) and mandatorily set up bind9 for a split DNS. For bind9, you can install it on only one server, which is what we’ve done in this article.
- Select Yes and then press Enter to install the GRUB boot loader to the master boot record.
The installation should have completed successfully.
Preparing Ubuntu for Zimbra installation
In order to prepare the Ubuntu for the Zimbra installation, the following steps need to be performed:
-
Log in to the newly installed system and update and upgrade Ubuntu using the following commands:
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get upgrade
-
Install the dependencies as follows:
sudo apt-get install libperl5.14 libgmp3c2 build-essential sqlite3 sysstat ntp
-
Zimbra recommends (but there’s no obligation) to disable and remove Apparmor.
sudo /etc/init.d/apparmor stop sudo /etc/init.d/apparmor teardown sudo update-rc.d -f apparmor remove sudo aptitude remove apparmor apparmor-utils
-
Set the static IP for your server as follows:
-
Open the network interfaces file using the following command:
sudo vi /etc/network/interfaces
Then replace the following line:
iface eth0 inet dhcp
With:
iface eth0 inet static address 172.16.126.14 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 172.16.126.1 network 172.16.126.0 broadcast 172.16.126.255
Restart the network process by typing in the following:
sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart
Sanity test!
To verify that your network configuration is configured properly, type in ifconfig and ensure that the settings are correct. Then try to ping any working website (such as google.com) to see if that works.
On each server, pay attention when you set the static IP address (172.16.126.140 for the LDAP server and 172.16.126.141 for the MTA server).
Summary
In this article, we learned the prerequisites for Zimbra multiserver installation and preparing the environment for the installation of the Zimbra server in a multiserver environment.
Resources for Article :
Further resources on this subject:
- Routing Rules in AsteriskNOW – The Calling Rules Tables [Article]
- Users, Profiles, and Connections in Elgg [Article]
- Integrating Zimbra Collaboration Suite with Microsoft Outlook [Article]
